Egypt is a land steeped in history, boasting an eclectic mix of cultural heritage, stunning landscapes, and legendary monuments. Whether you're visiting the pyramids of Giza, sailing the Nile, or exploring the bustling markets of Cairo, it's important to understand the essential rules for travellers to ensure your experience is as enriching and smooth as possible. To get started on this adventure, make sure to book your Egypt visa from Atlys for hassle-free entry into the land of the Pharaohs. In this guide, we'll explore the rules to follow as a tourist in Egypt that will make your journey both enjoyable and respectful.

1. Types of Visa and Entry Requirements

Before you travel to Egypt, obtaining the correct visa is essential. Many tourists can acquire a visa upon arrival, but it’s highly recommended that they book an Egypt visa through Atlys ahead of time. This can save you a lot of hassle and ensure you’re fully prepared upon arrival. Here are the types of Egypt visa and their application options: 

Tourist Visa

• Validity: Typically valid for up to 90 days from the date of issue, allowing a stay of up to 30 days per visit. Single-entry and multiple-entry options are available.

Application Process:

• Online (e-Visa): Eligible nationals can apply through the Egypt e-visa portal. The application should be submitted at least seven days before departure. Required documents include a valid passport with a validity of at least six months and a digital passport-sized photo. Payment is made online via credit or debit card.

• Visa on Arrival: Available to citizens of certain countries upon arrival at Egyptian airports. Travellers must have a passport valid for at least six months and the visa fee in exact cash. It's advisable to check eligibility before travel.

• Embassy/Consulate Application: For those not eligible for e-Visa or visa on arrival, applications can be submitted at the nearest Egyptian embassy or consulate. Required documents typically include a completed application form, passport-sized photos, a valid passport, proof of accommodation, and a travel itinerary. Processing times may vary.

Business Visa

• Validity: Generally valid for 30 days, with single-entry and multiple-entry options.

• Embassy/Consulate Application: Applicants must submit a completed visa application form, a valid passport, passport-sized photos, a letter from the employer stating the purpose of the visit, an invitation letter from the Egyptian business partner, and proof of accommodation. Processing times can range from seven to ten days.

Student Visa

• Validity: Corresponds to the duration of the study program.

• Embassy/Consulate Application: Prospective students must provide a completed visa application form, a valid passport, passport-sized photos, an acceptance letter from the Egyptian educational institution, proof of sufficient funds, and proof of accommodation. It's recommended that you apply well in advance due to varying processing times.

Work Visa

• Validity: Typically aligns with the duration of the employment contract.

• Embassy/Consulate Application: Applicants must submit a completed visa application form, a valid passport, passport-sized photos, a job offer letter from the Egyptian employer, proof of qualifications, and any additional documents as required by the Egyptian authorities. Processing times can vary and may take several weeks.
  

Transit Visa

• Validity: Short-term, usually a few days, depending on the length of the layover.

• Embassy/Consulate Application: Depending on nationality and duration of stay, travellers transiting through Egypt may need to apply for a transit visa. Required documents include a valid passport, a completed visa application form, proof of onward travel, and sometimes proof of accommodation. Processing times are generally short.

Entry requirements for Egypt

• Passport Validity: Ensure your passport is valid for at least six months beyond your intended arrival date in Egypt. Additionally, your passport should have at least one blank page for entry and exit stamps.

• Health Requirements: No mandatory vaccinations are required for entry into Egypt. However, it's recommended to be up-to-date with routine vaccinations. If you're arriving from a country with a risk of yellow fever transmission, you must present a valid yellow fever vaccination certificate.

• Currency Regulations: You can bring up to 5,000 Egyptian Pounds (EGP) into or out of Egypt. There's no limit on foreign currency; however, amounts exceeding $10,000 USD (or equivalent) must be declared upon arrival and departure.

• Customs Regulations: Certain items are prohibited or restricted, including narcotics, firearms, and drones. It's advisable to check the latest customs regulations before travelling.

• Electronic Devices: Upon arrival, declare valuables like cameras and laptops. Officials may note these in your passport and require you to present them upon departure.

2. Respecting the Egyptian Dress Code

Egypt is a predominantly Muslim country, and while it welcomes millions of tourists each year, it’s important to respect local customs, especially when it comes to dress. In cities like Cairo, Luxor, and Aswan, both men and women should aim for conservative clothing. Women are advised to wear clothing that covers their shoulders and knees, particularly when visiting mosques or religious sites. Loose-fitting clothes not only respect cultural norms but also help keep you cool in Egypt's hot climate.

• For Men: T-shirts and long pants are ideal. Avoid sleeveless tops, especially when visiting religious areas.

• For Women: Long skirts, dresses, or loose-fitting trousers paired with a top that covers the shoulders are recommended. Carrying a scarf can also be helpful, particularly when visiting mosques or other religious sites.

3. Understand Local Etiquette and Customs

• Respect personal space and boundaries: Egyptians are known for their hospitality, but there are some social norms worth observing. Avoid public displays of affection (PDA) like kissing or hugging, as these can be considered inappropriate in public spaces. Handshakes are a common greeting, but be aware that in more conservative settings, particularly with the opposite gender, it's polite to wait until the other party offers their hand.

• Taking photos: One of the most important rules to follow as a tourist in Egypt involves photography. While Egypt is incredibly photogenic, capturing images of people without permission is considered disrespectful. Always ask for consent before taking pictures of locals, and be mindful that photography is often restricted in areas like military installations, airports, and even some museums.

• Mosque etiquette: If you are visiting a mosque, remember to remove your shoes before entering and dress conservatively. Women should cover their heads with a scarf, and everyone should wear clothing that covers the shoulders and knees. Observing silence or speaking in a low voice while in the mosque is also essential to show respect.

4. Be Mindful of Local Laws and Avoid Prohibited Activities

Egypt enforces several laws that may be unfamiliar to tourists, and breaking these rules can lead to hefty fines or worse. Here are a few key local laws:

• Drug use: Drug use is strictly prohibited in Egypt, and the penalties can be severe, including imprisonment. It’s best to avoid carrying any substances that could be misunderstood.

• Public behaviour: It is illegal to engage in public indecency, including nudity or inappropriate attire, and public intoxication can lead to arrest.

• Alcohol consumption: Alcohol is available in some restaurants and hotels, but public consumption is frowned upon. It is best to limit alcohol consumption to licensed premises.

5. Tipping Culture in Egypt (Baksheesh)

Tipping, or "baksheesh," is an integral part of Egyptian culture. Whether it’s porters, taxi drivers, tour guides, or restroom attendants, tipping is common. Here’s a general guide:

• Restaurants: Tipping 10-15% is customary if the service charge is not included.

• Guides and drivers: It is appreciated to tip tour guides and drivers around 50-100 EGP depending on the service quality.

• Hotels: Tipping porters or cleaning staff around 10-20 EGP per service is typical.

6. Avoid Political Discussions

Political stability is a sensitive topic in Egypt. As a tourist, it’s wise to avoid discussing political matters with locals. Participating in protests or demonstrations is also illegal for foreign visitors. Egyptian law explicitly prohibits foreign nationals from any form of political engagement during their stay, including photography of protests, which can lead to detainment or deportation.

7. Traveling Around Egypt: Public Transportation Rules

• Taxis and ride-hailing apps: Ride-hailing apps like Uber and Careem are popular, safe, and reliable for navigating cities. For traditional taxis, negotiate the fare before starting the trip, as most taxis do not use meters. Women travelling alone should exercise caution; it may be safer to sit in the back and avoid engaging in extensive conversation with the driver.

• Public buses and trains: Public buses and trains are available but can be crowded and somewhat confusing for tourists. Female travellers should consider using women-only train carriages on the metro in Cairo, especially during rush hours. These are marked specifically as safe and comfortable options.

8. Respect for Historical Sites

Egypt is home to some of the world's most treasured archaeological sites, and respecting them is crucial to preserving their historical value. The Supreme Council of Antiquities enforces several important rules:

• Do not touch: Avoid touching monuments, statues, or artefacts. Even seemingly harmless touches can contribute to the wear and tear of these ancient treasures.

• Stay on marked paths: Wandering off the designated paths can be dangerous and may also damage fragile sites.

• No flash photography: Although photography is often allowed at many sites, flash is prohibited in museums and tombs, as it can damage artefacts.

9. Be Aware of Scams and Overcharging

While Egypt is generally safe for tourists, petty scams are common in areas with much tourist activity. Here are some tips to avoid scams:

• Vendors and guides: In busy tourist areas, unofficial guides offering tours may approach you. To avoid being overcharged, it’s best to hire a licensed guide through your hotel or a reputable company.

• Souvenirs: Bargaining is a common practice in Egypt, especially in markets like Khan El Khalili in Cairo. When buying souvenirs, expect an initial inflated price and be ready to negotiate. However, avoid being overly aggressive; bargaining should be done with a smile.

10. Health and Safety Precautions

• Drink bottled water only: Tap water in Egypt is not suitable for drinking, even by locals. Stick to bottled water, which is widely available. It’s also a good idea to use bottled water when brushing your teeth to avoid stomach issues.

• Sun protection: The Egyptian sun can be harsh, especially in summer. Wear sunscreen, hats, and sunglasses to protect yourself from heatstroke and sunburn. Staying hydrated is crucial, especially when exploring outdoor sites like the Valley of the Kings or the pyramids.

• Food safety: Egyptian cuisine is delightful, but it’s important to eat with caution. Choose freshly prepared, well-cooked food, and avoid uncooked vegetables or street food that looks like it may have been sitting out for long periods.

11. Money Matters: Currency and Payments

The local currency in Egypt is the Egyptian Pound (EGP). Cash is essential in many places, especially in local markets and small shops. ATMs are readily available in cities, but always ensure to carry some cash for smaller vendors or tipping.

• Currency exchange: Exchange money at licensed banks or currency exchange centres, not in the street.

• Credit cards: While larger hotels and restaurants accept credit cards, local eateries and shops usually do not. It’s a good idea to keep smaller denominations of cash handy.

Tip: Using a Forex card is a smart choice for international travel. It allows you to carry multiple currencies securely and offers better exchange rates compared to cash or credit cards. 

12. Connectivity and SIM Cards

Staying connected in Egypt is easy, with several mobile service providers offering tourist SIM cards. You can get a local SIM card at the airport or from authorised shops. Using local data will make navigating and booking services easier. It’s recommended to have a phone with internet access to use Google Maps, translate apps, and ride-hailing services during your stay.

13. Women Traveling in Egypt

Women travelling in Egypt should take certain precautions to stay safe and comfortable:

• Dress appropriately: Dressing conservatively is important to avoid unwanted attention.

• Avoid walking alone at night: It is generally safe to travel in tourist areas during the day, but avoid wandering alone at night.

• Be assertive: If approached in an uncomfortable manner, it is completely acceptable to be firm and assertive in telling someone to stop.

14. Emergency Contacts and Tourist Police

Egypt has a dedicated tourist police force trained to assist tourists with issues ranging from scams to lost items. Tourist police stations are present in major tourist areas, and their distinctive uniforms can recognize them. If you encounter any problems, do not hesitate to ask for their assistance.

• Tourist Police Number: 126

• Emergency Services: 122 (Police), 123 (Ambulance), 180 (Fire Department)

15. Cultural Sensitivity and Language

Most Egyptians speak Arabic, but in major tourist areas, many people understand and speak basic English. Learning a few key phrases in Arabic, such as "thank you" (shukran) and "hello" (salaam), can go a long way in building rapport with locals. Egyptians are friendly, and a polite approach can make your experience more rewarding.

When addressing elders or engaging in conversation, use polite forms of address like "hajja" or "haj" to show respect. Avoid showing the soles of your feet when sitting, as this is considered impolite.

16. Additional Travel Advisory to Follow

As of November 11, 2024, the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) provides the following travel guidance for Egypt:

• Egypt-Libya Border: Avoid all travel within 20 km, except El Salloum (essential only); active military operations are ongoing.

• North Sinai: Avoid all travel due to the high risk of criminal activity and terrorist attacks.

• Northern South Sinai: Essential travel is only north of the St Catherine-Nuweibaa road (excluding coastal areas); permits are required for 4WDs.

• Red Sea Tourist Areas: Sharm el Sheikh, Hurghada, and Marsa Alam do not have warnings; security checks are routine.

• Eastern Ismailiyah Governorate: Essential travel only east of the Suez Canal; military operations and checkpoints restrict access.

• Western Desert: Essential travel only, excluding key tourist sites; permits and guides required.

• Al Bawiti-Siwa Road: Avoid all travel; the road is closed and controlled by military checkpoints.

• South-West Border Areas: A permit is required due to the presence of bandits and armed groups near the Sudan and Libyan borders.

• Hala’ib Triangle and Bir Tawil: Essential travel only; disputed or unclaimed areas.

Conclusion

Egypt is a fascinating destination that promises to be a memorable experience for every visitor. By understanding the Egypt rules for tourists, you can help preserve its rich history and culture while enjoying a stress-free adventure. From respecting local dress codes and avoiding political discussions to ensuring proper conduct at historical sites, these guidelines will help you make the most of your time in this beautiful country.

By adhering to these rules, you not only safeguard your own comfort but also contribute to a positive perception of tourists, paving the way for future travellers to enjoy all that Egypt has to offer.