If you’ve ever dreamed of floating in a hot air balloon over surreal landscapes, strolling through bustling bazaars brimming with colorful treasures, or dipping your toes in crystal-clear waters surrounded by ancient ruins, then Istanbul is calling your name. This city is a dazzling blend of history, culture, and jaw-dropping scenery that feels like it was plucked straight out of a traveler's daydream.

In this blog, we're covering the must-see spots in addition to insider tips and lesser-known locales that most guides skip over. 

• Want to know the best way to avoid the crowds at the Blue Mosque? 

• How to capture the perfect shot of Hagia Sophia at sunset?

• Curious about where to find the best hidden cafés and shops in Istanbul’s side streets?

• Looking for the best spots for cat-spotting in the cat capital of the world?

We’re covering it all. Before we start, you might want to check out our guide to arriving at Istanbul airport and our beginner’s guide to Turkey. 

Ready for the adventure? Let’s go!

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What To Do Before You Step Out in Istanbul

1. Unwind and Get Organized

After a long flight, it’s important to settle in before you start exploring. Follow these steps to get ready for your day in Istanbul:

• Freshen up: Once you’ve dropped your bags, stretch out and decide if you need a quick nap or shower to refresh.

• Prepare your essentials for the day:

  • Phone charger and a power bank (if you’ll be taking lots of photos).

  • Day bag with water, sunscreen, sunglasses, and snacks. Istanbul’s weather can vary, so it's good to be prepared for everything.

  • Comfortable shoes are a must since Istanbul’s cobblestone streets and uphill climbs can be tough on your feet.

2. Scope Out the Hotel and Refuel

Before you head out, explore your hotel’s amenities. Many hotels in Istanbul have rooftop terraces with breathtaking views of the city. Grab a coffee, relax, and check out the view if your hotel has one.

• Ask the front desk for recommendations: Use Google Maps or grab a city map and ask for restaurant suggestions or nearby attractions you can explore on foot.

• Have a snack or light meal: You’ll need energy for your day ahead. Try a local kebab or simit (Turkish sesame bread ring) for a quick, satisfying meal.

3. Check the Weather and Plan Your Transport

Before heading out, check the weather to make sure you’re dressed appropriately. Here’s how you can do it:

• Check the weather on your phone: Use apps like AccuWeather, or simply search “Istanbul weather” on Google to get an hour-by-hour forecast.

• Prepare for Istanbul’s changeable weather: Istanbul can go from sunny to chilly in a matter of hours, so it’s wise to bring a light jacket or scarf just in case.

Transportation Options in Istanbul

There are multiple ways to get around the city, so choose what suits you best:

• Trams: The T1 Tram is a convenient and affordable way to get to most major attractions, like Hagia Sophia and the Grand Bazaar.

• Cabs: Use apps like BiTaksi or Uber to book cabs without hassle. Be prepared for traffic, especially during rush hours (8 AM–10 AM and 5 PM–7 PM).

• Walking: If you’re exploring areas like Sultanahmet (the historic district), walking is the best way to see the sights.

Withour further ado, let's dive into the things to do in Istanbul.

1. Hagia Sophia

What to Expect

Hagia Sophia is one of Istanbul's most famous landmarks and a must-see for any visitor. A former cathedral, later a mosque, and now a museum, it showcases a blend of Byzantine and Ottoman architecture. Inside, you’ll be amazed by the massive dome, towering minarets, and intricately designed mosaics.

What to Do

• Explore the interior: Walk through the vast halls and admire the Christian and Islamic artistic features, particularly the mosaics of Christ and the Virgin Mary.

• Walk around the exterior: Even if you can’t get in due to long lines, the exterior of Hagia Sophia, with its minarets and dome, is stunning and worth seeing.

How to Get There

• By Tram: Take the T1 Tram to Sultanahmet stop. From there, Hagia Sophia is just a 5-minute walk.

• By Taxi: Book a cab through BiTaksi or Uber. Just ask the driver to drop you at Hagia Sophia in Sultanahmet Square.

How Long It Takes

• Plan for about 1-2 hours inside and outside the building. To avoid crowds, visit early (around 9 AM) or late afternoon (after 4 PM).

Crowd Times

• Mornings and late afternoons are your best bet to avoid long lines. The midday hours (12 PM–3 PM) are the busiest.

Pro Tip: Beware of fake police scams in the surrounding areas. Some individuals may pretend to be police officers asking for passports or ID. Real police will not ask for your documents randomly. Simply walk away.

Pro Tip: The best spot for capturing the iconic sunset photo of Hagia Sophia is from Sultanahmet Park, located between Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque. Visit during golden hour (the hour before sunset) when the sunlight bathes the building in a warm glow, making for the perfect shot.

2. The Blue Mosque

What to Expect

The Blue Mosque is known for its cascading domes and iconic blue tiles that adorn the interior. As an active mosque, it’s important to be respectful of prayer times when visiting.

What to Do

• Admire the interior: Step inside and take in the blue Iznik tiles, chandeliers, and high domed ceilings.

• Photograph the courtyard: The courtyard provides great photo opportunities, especially when the sun hits the mosque just right.

How to Get There

• By Foot: It’s a 5-minute walk from Hagia Sophia, so it’s easy to combine both in the same visit.

• By Taxi or Tram: If you’re coming from elsewhere, use BiTaksi or Uber, or take the T1 Tram to the Sultanahmet stop.

How Long It Takes

• 30-45 minutes is usually enough to see both the courtyard and interior. Keep in mind that the mosque is closed for about 30 minutes during each of the five daily prayers.

Crowd Times

• Visit early in the morning (around 9 AM) or late in the afternoon (after 5 PM) to avoid the busiest times.

Pro Tip: Dress modestly: Women need to cover their heads (scarves are provided), and men should avoid casuals like shorts to be able to enter the interior of the mosque. Bring socks, as you’ll have to remove your shoes, and the floor can be cold or dusty.

3. The Grand Bazaar & Market of Fakes and Replicas

What to Expect

The Grand Bazaar is a sensory overload of colors, smells, and sounds. With over 4,000 shops, it’s a maze of vendors selling spices, jewelry, rugs, and lamps. Tucked away in one corner is the Market of Fakes and Replicas, famous for high-quality counterfeit luxury goods like watches, handbags, and clothes.

What to Do

• Shop and Haggle: Bargaining is expected, especially in the replica section. Start by offering 50% of the asking price and negotiate from there.

• Browse: Explore the deeper parts of the bazaar for authentic shops selling Turkish goods like spices, scarves, and jewelry.

How to Get There

• By Tram: Take the T1 Tram to Beyazıt stop. From there, it’s a short walk to the bazaar entrance.

• By Taxi: Ask your taxi driver to drop you at Kapalıçarşı, which means Grand Bazaar in Turkish.

How Long It Takes

• Plan for 1-2 hours to explore, though you could easily spend more time if you're serious about shopping.

Crowd Times

• The bazaar can be very crowded in the afternoons (12 PM–3 PM), so go early (10 AM) to enjoy a quieter shopping experience.

Pro Tip: Focus on specific items. The bazaar can feel overwhelming, so it’s best to go in with a clear idea of what you want to buy, whether it’s spices, jewelry, or scarves. If you’re short on time or not in the mood for haggling, a quick walk-through of the bazaar might be enough.

4. Topkapi Palace

What to Expect

Topkapi Palace was once the home of the Ottoman sultans and is now one of Istanbul’s top historical attractions. Inside, you’ll find lavish courtyards, the Imperial Treasury full of jewels, and the private Harem.

What to Do

• Explore the Imperial Treasury: Don’t miss the chance to see the Topkapi Dagger and the Spoonmaker’s Diamond, some of the most valuable jewels in the world.

• Visit the Harem: This requires an additional ticket, but it’s worth it to see where the sultans’ families lived.

How to Get There

• By Foot: It’s a 10-minute walk from Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque.

• By Tram or Taxi: Take the T1 Tram to Gülhane stop or ask your taxi to drop you at Topkapi Palace.

How Long It Takes

• Plan for 2-3 hours to explore the palace thoroughly, including the Harem.

Crowd Times

• The palace gets very crowded in the afternoon, so arrive as soon as it opens (usually 9 AM) for a quieter visit.

Pro Tip: Buy tickets online in advance to skip the long lines. Many visitors don’t know you can pre-book, so it will save you valuable time.

5. Kubbe Istanbul

What to Expect

Kubbe Istanbul is a rooftop café known for its panoramic views of the city, especially at sunset. It’s a serene spot to enjoy Turkish coffee while watching the skyline.

What to Do

• Relax with Turkish coffee: Sit back and enjoy a traditional Turkish coffee or tea after a busy day of sightseeing.

• Capture the view: The view of the Istanbul skyline with its mosques and minarets at sunset is magical and perfect for photos.

How to Get There

• By Foot: If you’re near the Grand Bazaar, Kubbe Istanbul is just a 10-minute walk away.

• By Taxi: Ask your driver to take you to Kubbe, located near Süleymaniye Mosque.

How Long It Takes

• Plan to spend 1-2 hours enjoying the views and relaxing.

Crowd Times

• Kubbe Istanbul gets busy around sunset, so arrive at least an hour before to secure a good seat.

Pro Tip: Golden hour (the hour before sunset) is the best time to visit for great lighting and fewer crowds. Make sure your phone or camera is fully charged for photos.

6. Istiklal Street

What to Expect

Istiklal Street is Istanbul’s most famous pedestrian street, stretching from Taksim Square to Galata Tower. It’s always buzzing with life, offering a mix of shops, restaurants, cafés, and street performers. This is the heart of modern Istanbul, where locals and tourists alike gather to shop, eat, and socialize.

What to Do

• Explore the shops: Istiklal is home to a wide variety of stores, from local boutiques to international chains. You can find everything from handmade Turkish crafts to trendy fashion brands.

• Grab a snack: Try a simit from a street vendor or stop by a baklava shop for a quick sweet treat. Don’t miss out on lokum (Turkish delight) at a local confectionery store.

Curious About Hidden Cafés and Shops?

While Istiklal Street itself is lively, the real gems are found in its side streets. Venture into nearby areas like Cukurcuma or Galata for a quieter, more authentic experience. Here’s what you can find:

• Cukurcuma: Famous for its antique shops and cozy, artsy cafés. This area is perfect for sipping coffee away from the bustling crowds.

• Galata: Just a short walk from Istiklal, Galata is full of boutique stores and stylish cafés with views of the Galata Tower.

How to Get There

• By Tram: Take the T2 Tram to Taksim Square, which is the northern end of Istiklal Street.

• By Taxi: Ask your driver to drop you at Taksim Square, the best starting point for exploring the street and its surrounding neighborhoods.

How Long It Takes

• Spend about 1-2 hours strolling down Istiklal Street and exploring its side streets. If you’re a shopper or café-goer, allow more time.

Crowd Times

• Evenings and weekends are the most crowded, with locals and tourists alike filling the street. For a quieter experience, visit earlier in the day, ideally before 11 AM.

Pro Tip: For a break from the hustle and bustle, escape to the side streets. The hidden cafés in Cukurcuma and Galata offer a more laid-back vibe and are perfect for relaxing after exploring Istiklal’s main attractions.

7. Pub Crawls

What to Expect

Istanbul has a vibrant nightlife, and a pub crawl is one of the best ways to experience it. You’ll visit a variety of bars and clubs, from rooftop lounges to underground venues.

What to Do

• Meet new people: Pub crawls are social events, perfect for solo travelers or those looking to make new friends.

• Explore different bars: Each venue offers a unique vibe, so you’ll experience a mix of casual lounges and lively dance floors.

How to Get There

• Pub crawls often start at a central meeting point, like Taksim Square, so confirm the location when you book your crawl.

How Long It Takes

• Expect the full experience to last 3-4 hours, with visits to multiple bars.

Crowd Times

• Pub crawls usually start around 8 PM and get busier as the night goes on.

Pro Tip: If you’re looking for a more laid-back evening, stick to the rooftop bars for a relaxed atmosphere with great views.

8. The Cats of Istanbul: Furry Locals You'll Likely Meet Everywhere

One thing you’ll quickly notice during your time in Istanbul is the ubiquitous presence of cats. They're a cherished part of the city’s culture. They’re found lounging on the streets, in parks, at restaurants, and even wandering through the historic sites you visit, like Hagia Sophia or Topkapi Palace. The people of Istanbul adore and care for these cats, and you’ll often see locals feeding them or setting up small shelters for them.

What to Expect

• Friendly cats: Most of the cats you encounter are used to humans and might even approach you for a quick pet or snack. You’ll find them napping on café chairs, sunbathing on the streets, or curiously watching the world go by.

• Cats at landmarks: Don't be surprised if you spot a cat strolling through some of the most famous landmarks, such as Sultanahmet Square or the Grand Bazaar—they’re everywhere!

Pro Tip: If you're a cat lover, carry some cat treats with you, as many visitors love sharing a small snack with the friendly felines. There’s even a charming documentary called "Kedi", which explores the lives of Istanbul’s street cats. Watching it before your trip will give you a delightful preview of these furry locals.

What to Skip in Istanbul

Last but not least, here’s what you could possibly skip to save time and money:

1. Excessive Time in the Grand Bazaar: After an hour or two, the stalls may start to feel repetitive. If you’re not a big shopper, a quick walk-through will be enough.

2. Standing in Long Lines: If the lines for Hagia Sophia or the Blue Mosque are too long, don’t hesitate to skip the interiors. The exteriors are just as stunning and can be enjoyed without waiting.

3. Touristy Restaurants: Many places near major attractions charge high prices for average food. Walk a few blocks away to find more authentic and affordable eateries.

4. Shady streets: Areas to avoid going, especially after dark, include Aksaray, Tarlabaşı, Kasımpaşa, Laleli, Kumkapı (at night), Büyükçekmece, and Esenler.

Istanbul is a City of Endless Surprises

While this guide is designed to be as exhaustive and detailed as possible—covering everything from the iconic Hagia Sophia to the hidden cafés of Galata—Istanbul is a city that always has more to offer. No matter how much you plan, the city has a way of surprising you at every turn, whether it’s stumbling upon an unexpected viewpoint, discovering a local shop tucked away in a side street, or joining in a spontaneous street performance on Istiklal.

Despite the tips and tricks we’ve shared to help you navigate the bustling streets and historical sites, Istanbul’s charm lies in the little moments you can’t plan for. So, take your time, explore beyond the itinerary, and let the city surprise you in ways you didn’t expect. Happy exploring—and remember, there’s always something more to uncover in this magical city!